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Recent evidence has challenged many dogmas in neuroimmunology. Brain-derived ‘waste’ from deep within the brain is mobilized via the glymphatic system towards an immunologically active brain borders, where meningeal lymphatic vessels are appropriately positioned to drain antigens from the brain to the periphery. The presentation of brain-derived self-peptides at the brain’s borders and accompanied T-cell responses with suppressive properties, are critical in allowing active immunosurveillance while limiting aberrant immune reactivity. Taking into consideration these novel concepts, we develop T cell-vased therapies for neuropdegenerative diseases.