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Organ-on-Chip (OoC) technology represents a transformative platform in biomedical research, enabling the in vitro recapitulation of human organ-level physiology. By integrating microfluidics, tissue engineering, and advanced sensor technologies, OoC systems replicate the structural, functional, and mechanical microenvironments of human tissues. These models offer a powerful alternative to traditional animal testing, providing more predictive insights into human disease mechanisms, drug responses, and toxicity profiles. Recent advancements have broadened the applicability of OoC platforms across diverse areas including oncology, neuroscience, infectious diseases, and personalized medicine. The use of patient-derived cells and the ability to simulate dynamic physiological parameters open new avenues for precision medicine and regulatory science. Moreover, coupling OoC systems with artificial intelligence, real-time biosensing, and multi-organ integration (body-on-chip) significantly enhances their translational relevance. This presentation will highlight key technological innovations, case studies demonstrating OoC utility in drug screening and disease modeling, and emerging opportunities for global regulatory acceptance. By advancing human-relevant models, Organ-on-Chip technology is poised to accelerate biomedical innovation and enable more ethical, effective, and personalized healthcare solutions.