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I will present recent observational studies of emission-line galaxies using ALMA and JWST. First, I will discuss the physical and chemical properties of a highly magnified (up to μ~160) and intrinsically faint (sub-L*) galaxy at z = 6.072, known as Cosmic Grapes, located behind the massive cluster RXC J0600-2007. This unique source has been uncovered as a bright 1-mm-wave line emitter by the ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey (ALCS) and subsequent investment of approximately 160 hours of observing time with ALMA, JWST, and MUSE/VLT reveals its highly clumpy nature. I will also demonstrate how the joint analysis of emission lines by ALMA and JWST provides constraints on fundamental parameters, such as electron density, in a metal-poor, low-mass galaxy at z = 8.496, situated behind the lensing cluster SMACS 0723.3-7327. A [OIII]5007 emission line selected galaxy at z = 8.343 behind the lensing cluster MACS J0416-2403, a part of JWST cycle 2 program MAGNIF, will also be reported. A serendipitously uncovered millimeter-wave emission line galaxy reveals the presence of a submillimeter-galaxy-like, dust-enshrouded extreme starburst event hosted by an isolated yet gas-rich grand-design barred spiral galaxy at z = 2.467. Discovery of a CO-bright (i.e., gas-rich) quiescent galaxy at z = 1.146 will also be discussed. Lastly, based on these studies, I will discuss how next-generation submillimeter-wave telescopes, like the LST/AtLAST, equipped with a large-format imaging spectrograph, will revolutionize our understanding of galaxy evolution in the early universe.