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One of the fundamental constraints on studying galaxy evolution is that we are not able to monitor individual galaxies to track the evolution. The stars in galaxies provide fossil records on the build-up processes of galaxies. I will demonstrate that with current observing facilities, we are able to track the evolution of individual galaxies in the distant Universe from their stellar populations. The high precision allows a quantitative comparison to cosmological hydro-dynamical simulations and validates current models of galaxy formation. The archeological method can date the ages of galaxies, pinpoint where they are in their evolutionary process, and identify galaxies in the key phase of galaxy evolution for follow-up studies. With the coming survey projects and observing facilities, the archeological method will be able to track the evolution of galaxies in the even earlier Universe, and with better statistics and precision.