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2025/12/24 下午 07:30:18
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  • 20251229-1
  • 演講或講座
  • 生物醫學科學研究所
  • 地點

    生醫所地下室B1B演講廳

  • 演講人姓名

    許翊輝博士 (HMS/Brigham and Women's Hospital)

  • 活動狀態

    確定

  • 活動網址
Neutrophils: Old Cells with New Tricks

2025-12-29 11:00 - 12:15

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Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cells and first responders of the innate immune system, characterized by their rapid migration, short lifespan, and critical role in inflammation. Despite being studied for more than a century, key aspects of neutrophil biology remain unresolved. My research seeks to uncover these hidden layers, including identifying microRNAs that regulate neutrophil migration, how neutrophils repurpose cell cycle proteins despite their terminal differentiation, why they possess an intrinsically short half-life that is evolutionarily conserved, and the unique mechanisms of neutrophil death. Recently, we identified a novel type of extracellular vesicles released by aging neutrophils, which we term Large Aging Neutrophil-Derived Vesicles (LAND-Vs), that do not conform to classical extracellular vesicle classifications. LAND-Vs are produced independently of cell death, shedding light on cellular regulation of function over time, or “cellular aging.” LAND-Vs are enriched in the complement regulator CD55 via lipid raft–dependent polarization of aged neutrophils. Functionally, LAND-Vs significantly dampen complement activation during inflammation, demonstrating crosstalk between two arms of the innate immune system. Remarkably, LAND-Vs persist in inflamed tissues even after neutrophils are cleared, escaping macrophage efferocytosis through “don’t-eat-me” signals. These discoveries suggest that the short neutrophil half-life may not merely passively limit inflammation, but also actively promote immune resolution through LAND-V–mediated immunomodulation. By extending neutrophil functionality beyond the lifespan of the cell itself, this work opens new avenues for understanding neutrophil function in health and disease, highlights LAND-Vs as a potential therapeutic strategy for inflammatory pathologies and showcases a new horizon in neutrophil biology.

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