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【摘要】

The liquid scintillator detector is known to have low energy threshold, high light yield, and adequate attenuation length with efficient background discrimination in many years of operation for neutrino detections. Besides the pulse shape discrimination, an improvement in directionality inherited from the Cherenkov detection is greatly favored for future scintillator detectors. New techniques in hybrid detection to extract directional Cherenkov radiation from isotropic scintillation emission are currently under development. The water-based liquid scintillator (WbLS) is of great interest from scientific community for multi-disciplinary applications, in particular large-scale rare-event physics experiments, due to its unique capability of Cherenkov and scintillation detections and enhancement in chemical safety, metal-loading ability, and cost-efficiency. The application of scintillator detector and the global development of hybrid detector including the multiple WbLS prototypes at BNL and other institutes in preparation of 10s of kilotons as the target mass for future multi-purpose large-scale neutrino detector (i.e. Theia) will be presented. The inference of nuclear and particle physics, medical physics, and nonproliferation from the nuclear chemistry will also be discussed. (The work conducted at BNL was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886.)