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Abstract

Our dynamic universe helps us to investigate its nature by continuously providing explosive/eruptive transients that span an enormous range of timescales, luminosities, and physical origins. From fast X-ray transients, whose X-ray emission lasts from a few tens to several thousand seconds, to supernovae that evolve over months, these phenomena offer crucial insights into compact objects, massive stars, and the final stages of stellar evolution. In the colloquium, I will present two complementary studies of time-domain transients. First, I will discuss our rigorous effort to search for optical counterparts to fast X-ray transients discovered by the Einstein Probe mission within the first year of its operation. Using rapid follow-up observations with Lulin Observatory, we attempt to constrain the nature of these enigmatic transient events. In the second part, I will turn to the nearby Type IIP supernova SN 2024ggi in NGC 3621. I will summarize its discovery and our early extensive follow-up campaign, and then present constraints on its progenitor and explosion properties derived from pre-explosion imaging and hydrodynamic modeling. Together, these studies illustrate how coordinated multi-wavelength observations from high-energy satellites to ground-based optical facilities, and hydrodynamic simulations allow us to probe explosive/eruptive astrophysical phenomena across vastly different timescales.